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NINO3.4 Index
The NINO3.4 index is one of several El Niņo/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) indicators based on sea surface temperatures.
NINO3.4 is the average sea surface temperature anomaly in the region bounded by 5°N to 5°S, from 170°W to 120°W. This region has large variability on El Niņo time scales, and is close to the region where changes in local sea-surface temperature are important for shifting the large region of rainfall typically located in the far western Pacific.
An El Niņo or La Niņa event is identified if the 5-month running-average of the NINO3.4 index exceeds +0.4°C for El Niņo or -0.4°C for La Niņa for at least 6 consecutive months.
Southern Oscillation Index
Nino3.4 Index
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Will another positive Indian Ocean Dipole brew in 2024?
17:05 AEST Signs are pointing to the second consecutive positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) developing in the next few months.
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- 10:42 AEST 400km line of severe thunderstorms lashing southwest WA
- 14:35 AEST A very wet weekend ahead for NSW
- 13:02 AEST Adelaide's driest February-to-April in 101 years
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