NINO3.4 Index

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  • NINO3.4
NINO3.4 Index

The NINO3.4 index is one of several El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) indicators based on sea surface temperatures.

NINO3.4 is the average sea surface temperature anomaly in the region bounded by 5°N to 5°S, from 170°W to 120°W. This region has large variability on El Niño time scales, and is close to the region where changes in local sea-surface temperature are important for shifting the large region of rainfall typically located in the far western Pacific.

An El Niño or La Niña event is identified if the 5-month running-average of the NINO3.4 index exceeds +0.4°C for El Niño or -0.4°C for La Niña for at least 6 consecutive months.

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Cyclone Dianne delivers damaging gusts to WA Kimberley

09:53 AEDT Tropical Cyclone Dianne has made landfall during the early hours of Saturday morning along Western Australia's Kimberley coast, bringing with it strong winds and heavy rain.   The cyclone crossed near Cockatoo Island, just north of Derby, as a Category 1 system.

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