NINO3.4 Index

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  • NINO3.4
NINO3.4 Index

The NINO3.4 index is one of several El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) indicators based on sea surface temperatures.

NINO3.4 is the average sea surface temperature anomaly in the region bounded by 5°N to 5°S, from 170°W to 120°W. This region has large variability on El Niño time scales, and is close to the region where changes in local sea-surface temperature are important for shifting the large region of rainfall typically located in the far western Pacific.

An El Niño or La Niña event is identified if the 5-month running-average of the NINO3.4 index exceeds +0.4°C for El Niño or -0.4°C for La Niña for at least 6 consecutive months.

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Anzac Day dawn service weather forecast around Australia

14:41 AEST Anzac Day is this Friday, 25 April, so how’s the weather looking around each capital city for those attending the dawn service? Looking at the synoptic image below, showers and storms are possible over parts of Tasmania and Victoria with a low pressure trough and cold front, and eastern NSW with moist onshore winds.

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